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Alt 09.01.10, 22:43   Yukarı Git #1
papatyam_95
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Smile Yanma Tepkimeleri


yanma tepkimelerinin türleri ve yanma tepkimelerini ortaya getiren şartlar neler bunları bulabilir misiniz lütfen!!!! pazartesiye lazım acilen!!!!

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Alt 09.01.10, 22:54   Yukarı Git #2
facia
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79 mesajına 121 kere teşekkür edildi.

Standart


Yanma Tepkimeleri

Bir maddenin oksijenli verdiği tepkimelerdir.

Yanma tepkimesi için: yanıcı madde, hava(oksijen), tutuşma sıcaklığı gerekir.

Bu 3 faktörden birinin eksikliği yanmayı durdurur.CO2 gazının yangın söndürücü olmasının nedeni özkütlesinin havadan büyük olması ve yanıcı olmamasıdır.

Organik bileşikler yanarlar.

Organik bileşiklerden yapılarında yalnız C ve H bulunduranlara hidrokarbon denir.Genel olarak CxHy formülü ile gösterilirler.Yapılarında C ve H?ın yanı sıra O, S, N ve halojen (F, Cl, Br, I) bulunduran organik bileşikler de vardır.

Organik bir bileşiğin yanması sonucunda: CO2 oluşması bileşiğin C içerdiğini, H2O oluşması bileşiğin H içerdiğini, SO2 oluşması bileşiğin S içerdiğini, NO2 oluşması bileşiğin N içerdiğini kanıtlar.Oksijen havadan geldiği için bileşikte oksijen bulunup bulunmadığı ürünlerin türüne bakarak anlaşılmaz.

CS2 + 3O2 ® CO2 + 2SO2

C4H10O3 + 13 O2 ® 4CO2 + 5H2O

2

C4H10O3 + 5O2 ® 4CO2 + 5H2O

CS2?de C ve S olduğundan ürünler CO2 ile SO2?dir.C4H10?da C ve H olduğundan ürünler CO2 ve H2O?dur.C4H10 ile C4H10O3?ün yanma ürünleri aynıdır.Ancak oksijenin bir kısmı bileşik tarafından karşılandığından C4H10O3?ü yakmak için daha az miktarda oksijen yeterli olur.

Metallerin oksijenle birleşmesi paslanma ya da oksitlenme olarak bilinir.Bu tür tepkimelere yavaş yanma da denir.

3Fe + 2O2 ® Fe3O4


Bir maddenin oksijen ile tepkimesine yanma(oksitlenme) denir.
? Yapısında karbon ve hidrojen bulunduran organik maddeler(hidrokarbonlar) ve yapısında karbon, hidrojen ve oksijen bulunduran organik maddeler yandıklarında karbondioksit ve su oluşur.


Tepkime, kimyada iki veya daha çok maddenin başka madde veya maddelere dönüştüğü hadise. Reaksiyon da denir. Kimyasal tepkimede tepkimeye giren maddelerin özellikleri kaybolurken değişik özelliklerde yeni maddeler ürün olarak ortaya çıkar. Fakat tepkimede toplam kütle değişmez.


Bir kimyasal tepkimede bağ oluşturan elektronların enerji soğurmasıyla bağ parçalanır. Bu durum yeni bağların oluşmasını mümkün kılar ve enerji açığa çıkar. Bir bağın parçalanması için gerekli olan enerji yeni bir bağın oluşmasında açığa çıkan enerjiden daha az olduğunda, bu tepkimeye ısıveren (ekzotermik) tepkime, tersi olduğundaysa ısıalan (endotermik) tepkime denir. Yapısında temel element olarak karbon(C) ve hidrojen içeren bileşikler oksijen ile tepkimeye giriyorsa ürün olarak karbondioksit ve su oluşur. Tepkimesinin denkleştirilmesi için daha önce belirttiğimiz gibi önce karbon, sonra Hidrojen ve en son Oksijen atomlarının sayıları eşitlenir. Bunun için organik bileştiğin katsayısı 1 kabul edilip CO2?nin kat sayısı 1, H2Onun katsayısı 2 bulunur. Oksijenleri eşitlemek için önce ürünlerdeki Oksijen sayısı bulunur. 1CO2?deki Oksijen sayısı; 1.2=2?dir.2H2O?daki Oksijen sayısı; 2+2=4?tür. Buna göre girenlerdeki O2?nin katsayısı 2 yazılırsa Oksijen sayıları da eşitlenmiş olur. CH4+2O2--CO2+2H2O ÖRNEĞİN; eğer organik bileşiğin yapısında oksijen atomu varsa; C2H5OH+O2?CO2+H2O CO2 ve H2O?nun katsayıları C2H5OH?ın katsayısı 1 kabul edilerek sarayla 2 ve 3 olarak bulunur . C2H5OH+O2--2CO2+3H2O Şimdi ürünlerdeki oksijen sayısını bulalım 2 CO2 deki sayısı; 2*2=4 3H2O DAKİ SAYISI =4+3=7 O2?nin katsayısını bulmak için bileşiğin yapısındaki sayısı toplam sayısından çıkarılır. 7-1=6 Buna göre O2?nin yanına 6/2=3 yazılır.

facia isimli Üye şimdilik offline konumundadır   Alıntı ile Cevapla
Bu mesaj için facia kullanıcısına teşekkür eden 3 üyemiz:
çawreşamın! (16.02.11), papatyam_95 (10.01.10), Tuğba114 (14.02.10)
Alt 14.05.11, 21:07   Yukarı Git #3
sedat altındağ
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0 mesajına 0 kere teşekkür edildi.

Standart


ya bana 25 tane yanma tepkimesi
birkaç tane de YANMA TEPKİMESİ örneklerini
çeşitlerini ve nasıl oluştuğunu söylr misin

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